EK
What’s the difference—is there something that makes these different? The whole idea of a soup or a tea is to get something good inside—the teas can range from any herb or bark or even animal—soups as well can be the same the difference would be the herbs or vegetables that would be used or even the type of animal protein—Lets say you make a herbal tea and you add some herbs like burdock—nettle and milk thistle and dandelion with parsley—this fusion of herbs will give a list of health benefits from liver –kidney—spleen —blood—anti cancer—antioxidant—balancing hormones—regulating water and a list of other health benefits—Now if we add meats to this tea can actually utilize it as a soup and getting the benefits of this as well as the meats ( fish—chicken—turkey—beef—lamb-) or you can add other vegetables to this or even gelatin or other things as well. This will incorporate a relatively easy way to get your system Hydrated and Nourished—and can have a cleansing effect at the same time based on what you add to the mix…let’s say you have some chicken—and you add sea salt—pepper—tumeric—garlic powder—onion—celery seed—and savoury—and you add as well your fowl when cooked or boiled or simmered these properties are absorbed in the meat utilizing there antioxidant and immune protective effects as well— now if you add the above mentioned herbs you may find in this way that the nutrition and protective value is higher and more effective and can be felt with anyone who maybe ill or in good health—SOUP or TEA either way you have a benefit
EFSA, FDA, Health Canada to discuss health claims
07-Jan-2010
The European Food Safety Authority, US Food and Drug Administration, and Health Canada will share a platform at an upcoming Cantox-hosted health claims conference. The “Progress of Health Claims in Europe: A New Perspective” conference will see the regulatory authorities from the EU, US, and Canada provide insights into the regulation and approval of health claims in Europe and North America. —To be held on 23rd February 2010 at the Crowne Plaza Hotel in Brussels, the conference will also have experts discuss how to ensure biomarkers and outcome measures are valid. ( My Personel Take on this is that they are going to cooperate and create more regulations so that the drug Companies take it over completely as well as the corporate food manufactures—108 Billion dollars is what the Health food industry is getting to)—keep an eye on your access it may become prohibitive due to cost or regulation
U.S. wants farmers to use coal waste on fields
By Associated Press–Wednesday, December 23, 2009; A17
The federal government is encouraging farmers to spread a chalky waste from coal-fired power plants on their fields to loosen and fertilize soil even as it considers regulating coal wastes for the first time. —The material is produced by power plant “scrubbers” that remove acid-rain-causing sulfur dioxide from plant emissions. A synthetic form of the mineral gypsum, it also contains mercury, arsenic, lead and other heavy metals. –The Environmental Protection Agency says those toxic metals occur in only tiny amounts that pose no threat to crops, surface water or people ( funny How in the 80’s the issue of acid rain was the biggest news of the decade and how much devastation this was causing to the farms—peoples homes—the cars on the road –and the environment-NOWWW it is OK!!!) But some environmentalists say too little is known about how the material affects crops, and ultimately human health, for the government to suggest that farmers use it. –“This is a leap into the unknown,” said Jeff Ruch, executive director of Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility. “This stuff has materials in it that we’re trying to prevent entering the environment from coal-fired power plants, and then to turn around and smear it across agra lands raises some real questions.” –With wastes piling up around the coal-fired plants that produce half the nation’s power, the EPA and U.S. Department of Agriculture began promoting what they call the wastes’ “beneficial uses” during the Bush administration. –Part of that push is to expand the use of synthetic gypsum — a whitish, calcium-rich material known as flue gas desulfurization gypsum, or FGD gypsum. The Obama administration has continued promoting FGD gypsum’s use in farming. —The administration is also drafting a regulatory rule for coal waste, in response to a spill from a coal ash pond near Knoxville, Tenn., one year ago Tuesday. Ash and water flooded 300 acres, damaging homes and killing fish. The cleanup is expected to cost about $1 billion. ( Now you have to ask the question what happens if the are floods where they are smearing this??? What happens then ?)–The EPA is expected to announce its proposals for regulation early next year, setting the first federal standards for storage and disposal of coal wastes. EPA officials declined to talk about the agency’s promotion of FGD gypsum before then and would not say whether the draft rule would cover it. –Field studies have shown that mercury, the main heavy metal of concern because it can harm nervous-system development, does not accumulate in crops or run off fields in surface water at “significant” levels, the EPA said. –“EPA believes ( what no proof??)that the use of FGD gypsum in agriculture is safe in appropriate soil and hydrogeologic conditions,” the statement said. –Eric Schaeffer, executive director of the Environmental Integrity Project, which advocates for more effective enforcement of environmental laws, said he is not overly worried about FGD gypsum’s use on fields because research shows it contains only tiny amounts of heavy metals. But he said federal limits on the amounts of heavy metals in FGD gypsum sold to farmers would help allay concerns. —“That would give them assurance that they’ve got clean FGD gypsum,” he said. Since the EPA-USDA partnership began in 2001, farmers’ use of the material has more than tripled, from about 78,000 tons spread on fields in 2002 to nearly 279,000 tons last year, according to the American Coal Ash Association, a utility industry group. About half of the 17.7 million tons of FGD gypsum produced in the United States last year was used to make drywall, said Thomas Adams, the association’s executive director. But he said it is important to find new uses for it and other coal wastes because the United States will probably rely on coal-fired power plants for decades to come. -“If we can find safe ways to recycle those materials, we’re a lot better off doing that than we are creating a whole bunch of new landfills,” Adams said
Comparison of treatment protocols for removing metallic foreign objects from the ventriculus of budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus).
J Avian Med Surg. 2009 Sep;23(3):186-93–Authors: Lupu C, Robins S
To compare the efficacy of treatment protocols recommended to aid passage of metallic foreign objects from the ventriculus of birds, ( stomach area) a 1-mm metal sphere, made from solder wire, was placed into the crop of each of 44 budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). After survey radiographs confirmed the spheres were lodged in the ventriculus, birds were divided into 6 groups. Each group received 1 of 6 different treatment protocols: psyllium with grit, acidic drinking water, fine grit, coarse grit, cathartic emollients (peanut butter and mineral oil), and a control group. All birds were treated simultaneously with a chelating agent, dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), to prevent heavy-metal toxicosis. Successive survey radiographs were used to monitor elimination of the spheres from the digestive tract. Of all protocols tested, birds treated with either fine or large grit had the shortest mean elimination time of the metal spheres. These results indicate that administration of grit particles, either fine or coarse, appears to be effective in hastening the passage of metallic foreign objects from the ventriculus of budgerigars.
Recipe—Waste Removal—using oatmeal with the bran will have a similar impact on the human stomach as well allowing for proper soaking the fine will effect as well as any coarse in tis case relieving the blockages with a MILDER way—a lot of the products today do not have this in mind and can in fact increase blockages so if there is a need to remove blockages utilize the finer and use a mild lubricant like an olive oil or almond oils or even sesame seed oils—castor oil as well if the toxins are deeper—there maybe a nausea as a result of the releasing of these leftover toxins
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ù ù ù ==My Comments
FDA highlights GMP no-no’s
Experts slam calls for vitamins to be OTC
Czechs–EC must clarify food supplement enforcement policies
How To Destroy Confidence In Vitamins When You Do Not Have The Facts
LIPOSOMES–REMEDY
FDA highlights GMP no-no’s
The Food and Drug Administration’s commitment to greater transparency is bearing fruit in the dietary supplements area, with the availability of GMP 483 reports providing valuable insights into potential GMP pitfalls. –Commenting on the ever-evolving Good Manufacturing Practice process, Israelsen said: “FDA inspectors are exchanging notes, increasing their collective knowledge base and, in my view, as the inspection process rolls on, you should expect more sophisticated and in-depth questions, investigations and an awareness of where common weak spots are likely to be found.” ù ù ù (Underhanded tricks and fines to eliminate the small business man who manufactures or produces supplements)—483 reports detail FDA inspections. A scan of a selection of 483s performed by Israelsen reveals key areas where companies have fallen down. These include:
· Failure to prepare a written master manufacturing record for each unique formulation of a dietary supplement.- ù ù ù this would be on the bottle itself so again this would be private information so as to not allow others to steal there ideas
· Failure to establish component specifications for strength and composition.- ù ù ù this is found unfortunately in proprietary blends and need to be addressed years ago so people would not be taken advantaged of
· Failure to fill out material rejection/rework sheets.- ù ù ù again there is already standards and criteria having to be met in the purity of materials and standards of production and what is being allowed
· Failure to collect information regarding customer hospitalizations in in-bound complaints in order to determine if a MedWatch report needs to be submitted.—Another excuse-ù ù ù there has never been one incident of death by supplements nor can you connect anything to a supplement directly—they are food nutrient additives nothing more—
· Failure to establish a sampling plan for obtaining representative samples of components.—again this is a cost that only drug companies can incurù ù ù again these are not drugs, they are concentrated forms of either food—foodnutrient additives—what is being required here is not required in either the food industry or the drug industry
· No documentation to explain the rationale behind the testing performed and the specifications for various raw materials using USP methods intended for use in testing drug products but no evidence that these testing methods are suitable for use in testing DS ingredients and finished products.—- ù ù ù AGAIN—these are not drugs
· Indicating “PASS” instead of identifying specific ID test results.
· Non-use of metal detection equipment for liquid DS products. ù ù ù I would like to see them do a metal testing on the drugs being prescribed today—they would all be toxic levels of some metal
· GMP training is not conducted on a continuing basis to assure that employees remain familiar with CGMP requirements.- ù ù ù this has just been implemented and there is a 2 year developing period so this would not really be an issue not for another 2 years for some companies
· Failure to conduct appropriate tests or examinations or rely on a C of A to determine whether components met established specs.
· The firm’s training records do not reflect training of personnel in DS GMPs. ù ù ù again this is really irrelevant and will produce an unnecessary cost to the consumer as well as the retailer and the manufacturer
· Batch records are general and printed out blank.–“There are many other observations, but the above are helpful insights as to what FDA inspectors are looking for and looking at,” Israelsen said.
Experts slam calls for vitamins to be OTC
Vitamins A, E, D, niacin and folic acid should be regulated as over-the-counter (OTC) medicines, according to a review of adverse events from Canada. —In an article in The Annals of Pharmacotherapy three Canadian pediatricians reviewed adverse effects and events of vitamins in light of their current prevalence of use and concluded that vitamins should be viewed as OTCs. –“Our recommendation is that vitamins A, E, D, folic acid, and niacin should be categorized as OTC medications. Labeling of vitamins, especially those intended for children and/or vulnerable groups, should include information on possible toxicities, dosing, recommended upper intake limits, and concurrent use with other products,” –ù ù ù -the interesting thing here is again there has never been a single death from supplements, never anyone getting hurt, yet here we are being lead to believe that vitamins have been problematic for people, And yet aspirin—tobacco—tylenol—ibuprofren—statins—percacets are sold indiscriminately without any warning or regulating–wrote Alexander Rogovik, Sunita Vohra, and Ran Goldman.–“Vitamin A should be excluded from multivitamin supplementations and food fortificants,” they added. ù ù ù the reason being this would then see a rise in cancers that otherwise would not be—smokers who smoke would potentially have an issue and again potentially—there is still debate whether or not vitamin A mixed with smoking is causative to cancer—common sense would indicate that with over 4000 carcinogens in smoking then it would appear more so to quit the habit of smoking
Selective science
The findings were dismissed by both the Natural Products Association (NPA) and the Council for Responsible Nutrition (CRN). —“This article, though published in a peer-reviewed journal, is a pre-determined conclusion in search of evidence to support it,” said Andrew Shao, senior vice president, scientific and regulatory affairs, CRN. “The authors have clearly cherry-picked literature to support their position and did not assess the totality of evidence in order to develop their unbalanced recommendation.” –Daniel Fabricant, PhD, vice president for scientific and regulatory affairs at NPA told NutraIngredients-USA: “The authors need to understand that what they’re asking isn’t data driven, there is an adverse events reporting (AER) system, and if any of these such theoretical issues they bring up were in-fact real, there would be a signal in the post-market surveillance system which the authors should recognize is the same for medical prescriptions, devices, and OTCs. –“Most importantly, they need to understand that the risk needs to be attributed to the riskier product, which all medical scientists, toxicologists, and so on worth their salt would agree is the pharmaceutical,” added Fabricant.
Review data
The reviewers focused on collecting data from predominantly randomized controlled clinical trials. Data was also used from surveys on vitamin-drug interactions from a pediatric emergency department. –Vitamin use is extensive, said the reviewers, with data from the National Institutes of Health indicating that over one-third of Americans regularly use multivitamin supplements.—Regarding adverse events, the reviewers quote results from randomized clinical trials of vitamins A, E, D, niacin and folic acid, many of which were performed in diseased populations, and with relatively high doses of vitamins. –“This article focused on vitamin-related adverse effects and interactions, many of which have been shown to be significant in randomized controlled trials and at a population level, in light of very high prevalence of vitamin use and food fortification, rather than on evaluating the impact of recommended policy changes on vitamin manufacturers or the food industry, which is not our expertise,” explained Rogovik, Vohra, and Goldman. –Dr Rogovik is the assistant director of the Pediatric Research in Emergency Therapeutics (PRETx) Program at St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto. Dr Vohra is the director of the Complementary and Alternative Research and Education (CARE) Program in the Department of Pediatrics at Stollery Children’s Hospital in Edmonton. Dr Goldman is an associate professor in the Department of Pediatrics at the University of British Columbia.
Strong reaction
Dr Shao told this website that the authors use outdated and incomplete evidence to support their preconceived conclusions on the safety profile of individual vitamins, while omitting important evidence countering their assertions. —“The authors pay lip service to the Institute of Medicine’s (IOM) safe upper intake level (UL), but ignore the principles on which it is based, namely nutrient risk assessment,” explained Dr Shao. “Risk assessment is a globally accepted scientific methodology for assessing risk of exposure to nutrients and is endorsed or practiced by the IOM, UK EVM and Codex, to name a few. It is based on the well known concept that the dose makes the poison and the process involves examining the totality of the evidence. All nutrients, and in fact anything ingestible can be toxic, even water, at the right dose. —“By mentioning the UL, but merely citing those studies that support their preconceived conclusions rather than assessing all the evidence, the authors present a poorly contrived, unconvincing argument and reflect their ignorance of the subject matter, extreme bias, or both,” added Shao. –Dr Fabricant added that it is well known that very active pharmaceuticals like warfarin will interact with many things, including foods. “But does that mean that because spinach interacts with warfarin, that we should go out and make spinach an OTC? Of course not.” —“These folks fail to understand that supplements with good reason are appropriately and adequately regulated as foods, and provide all the appropriate measures to protect the consumer and just as ridiculous is the notion that spinach would be an OTC is the notion that vitamin D should be one as well,” added Fabricant. Source: The Annals of Pharmacotherapy –February 2010, Volume 44, doi: 10.1345/aph.1M238–“Safety Considerations and Potential Interactions of Vitamins: Should Vitamins Be Considered Drugs?”
Authors: A.L. Rogovik, S. Vohra, R.D. Goldman
Czechs–EC must clarify food supplement enforcement policies
The European Commission needs to let the European supplements industry know how the Food Supplements Directive (FSD) will be enforced across the 27-member bloc, as companies deal with existing stocks that contain now prohibited nutrients, a Czech trade association has said. —The Czech Association of Special Foods (CASP) said many players were unsure how to proceed, and called on the EC “to communicate with industry” about enforcement procedures for the Directive, which became enforceable from January 1, 2010. —“While it could be said that it is better not to know than be told that all products have to be removed tomorrow, we would prefer some kind of statement so that the position is clear,” said CASP president, Martina Simova. –Non-approved chromium forms that tended to originate in the US, where they are legal and present in many supplements, were the most common problem area in the € 170m Czech food supplements industry , Simova said.
Transition periods
The Czech situation is complicated, she said, by the fact that the Czech Ministry of Health gave assurances to the industry that a 12-month transition period would be granted, meaning any products bearing unapproved nutrients could remain on-market through 2010. —That assurance, relevant as recently as December last year, has been subsequently withdrawn as the Ministry revealed it did not in fact have the authority to grant such an extension. –Simova said the Ministry had been in contact with the EC to try and work out some kind of compromise position, and was due to report back to industry the results of those discussions imminently. —In the meantime, the CASP had been in touch with other trade associations to determine the situation in other member states, and is considering directly contacting the enforcement agency in the Czech republic – Czech Agriculture and Food Inspection Authority (CAFIA). –“If there is no possibility elsewhere we will consider negotiating directly with the control body (CAFIA),” she said. “The ministers have promised to find a solution so we wait to hear from them what the situation is.”
Going soft?
The 2002 Food Supplements Directive became enforceable on January 1 this year but the manner of its enforcement is unclear. The EC told NutraIngredients.com last week that enforcement was the remit of member state agencies like CAFIA, unless it received specific consumer complaints in which case it may act independently. —But trade associations in some member states believe the EC needs to do more because the member state enforcement agencies are waiting to be led on the issue, creating a potentially very damaging ambiguity. —-Although it has only been a matter of days, an EC spokesperson said she had no knowledge of any enforcement action taken in any EU member state. —The argument for “soft enforcement” is bolstered by the fact some substances have failed to make the FSD positive lists of vitamins and minerals and their sub-forms, not because they have been deemed unsafe necessarily, but because European Food Safety Authority scientists have found a lack of evidence demonstrating safety. —The Czech market is dominated by eastern European supplements giant, Walmark, but supports about 500 small-to-medium enterprises and features about 4000 individual products
How To Destroy Confidence In Vitamins When You Do Not Have The Facts
(OMNS, January 11, 2010) “Ladies and Gentlemen, welcome to this year’s annual meeting of the World Headquarters Of Pharmaceutical Politicians, Educators, and Reporters (WHOPPER).—“Let us get right to the point. Many of our members and affiliates have complained about what is, for us, an alarming and dangerous segment of health care: so-called ‘orthomolecular medicine.’ We wish to assure you, although this therapeutic approach is, unfortunately, very effective in preventing and treating disease, that we will make sure the public will never learn of it. We can say this with considerable confidence, since for over 50 years we have managed to keep virtually all psychiatrists from using niacin to treat schizophrenia; we have kept cardiologists from prescribing vitamin E and co enzyme Q10 for heart disease; and we have kept general practitioners from prescribing vitamin C for viral illnesses.—“Yes, it has really been a triumphant half-century. How did we do it? It is really quite easy. Here is a summary for those of you that may have missed the last WHOPPER meeting.—“Our guiding principle is, keep the public afraid. Any fear will do, but we have been especially pleased with, and therefore recommend instilling, the fear of new strains of flu viruses, fear of vaccine shortages, and most especially, the fear of vitamin toxicity. Our success with this last one has been nothing short of spectacular.–“Of course, you know that decades of poison control center statistics show that there have been no deaths from vitamins. (1) You also know that drugs, properly prescribed and taken as directed, kill at least 100,000 Americans annually. Clearly, the last thing we want is for the public to actually figure out that vitamin therapy is tens of thousands of times safer than drug therapy.—“Therefore, we endorse the following tactics:
“1) Always demand 100% safety and 100% efficacy from nutritional therapy. This is particularly effective when you, at the very same time, continually remind the public that they have to expect and accept a reasonable amount of dangerous, even fatal, side effects with drug therapy. And, if one drug does not work, there is always another, still more expensive drug that might.
“2) Always give priority to publishing research that portrays vitamins as ineffective, or as outright harmful. Select the low-dose vitamin study; ignore the high-dose study. Our master stroke is when we criticize low-dose nutrient studies for ineffectiveness, while discrediting effective high-dose studies because they might be dangerous. Remember: pick the one negative vitamin study; ignore the hundreds of positive vitamin studies.
“3) If a positive megavitamin study is actually submitted to your department, medical society or journal, reject it on a technicality, and take a year or two to do so. Better still, make the authors publish in the Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine. After all, whatever is published there will not be indexed by the U.S. National Library of Medicine.(3) Therefore, the public’s annual 700 million MEDLINE searches will utterly fail to find it. People cannot read what cannot be located.
“4) Obfuscation works. Cloud and confuse the issue. Never let the truth stand in the way of a good press release. This we learned from the tobacco industry: If you cannot wow ’em with wisdom, baffle them with baloney. Remember, with vitamins, always highlight the negative; ignore the positive. Never let the facts get in the way of as good argument. A good argument is one that you win. This is about power, not health.
“5) While half the population takes vitamins, fewer than 1% of physicians practice orthomolecular medicine. That is a very small minority. How hard can it be to shut them up? After all, look what we did to Linus Pauling. When he spoke out for vitamin C, we got the entire medical world to openly snicker at the only person in history to win two unshared Nobel prizes. Talk about a WHOPPER!
“6) Take heed of what behaviorist B.F. Skinner said: Education is a very large number of very small steps. The secret is to keep plugging away, every chance we get. Every time we tell a WHOPPER in the news media or in the medical press, it is one additional, cumulative step towards washing the public’s mind clean as a whistle, and stamping out nutritional medicine for good.–“Now go back to your word-processors and get to work. Wade through those nutrition studies and latch onto the negative ones. The news media are waiting to hear from you.”
References:
(1) The most recent annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers published in the journal Clinical Toxicology shows zero deaths from multiple vitamins; zero deaths from any of the B vitamins; zero deaths from vitamins A, C, D, or E; and zero deaths from any other vitamin. Furthermore, there were zero deaths from any dietary mineral supplement.—Bronstein AC, Spyker DA, Cantilena LR Jr, Green JL, Rumack BH, Heard SE; American Association of Poison Control Centers. 2007 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers’ National Poison Data System (NPDS): 25th Annual Report. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2008 Dec;46(10):927-1057. Full text article available for free download at http://www.aapcc.org/DNN/Portals/0/NPDS%20reports/2008%20AAPCC%20Annual%20Report.pdf Vitamins statistics are found in Table 22B, journal pages 1027-1028. Minerals are in the same table, page 1024.
(2) Lazarou J, Pomeranz B, Corey P. Incidence of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients. JAMA. 1998;279:1200-1205. See also: Leape LL. Error in medicine. JAMA. 1994 Dec 21;272(23):1851-7.
(3) Saul AW. Medline bias: update. [Editorial] J Orthomolecular Med, 2006. Vol 21, No 2, p 67. http://www.doctoryourself.com/medlineup.html
For Further Reading:
Pharmaceutical Advertising Biases Journals Against Vitamin Supplements. Orthomolecular Medicine News Service, February 5, 2009. http://orthomolecular.org/resources/omns/v05n02.shtml
FDA Claims “Food Supplement” Deaths; Hides Details from the Public. Orthomolecular Medicine News Service, October 9, 2008. http://orthomolecular.org/resources/omns/v04n13.shtml
LIPOSOMES–REMEDY
What is a Lipsome?—- Liposomes can fuse with Cells and thereby deliver their internal load.— The inner space of Liposomes can be loaded with any other drugs/nutrients (i.e. active ingredients) and used as delivery systems to deliver these active ingredients to their target sites. This aspect of Liposomes also applies to topically-delivered compounds.
Ok lets make our own—it will be potent enough for your needs and can make a huge difference in the delivery of some of the antioxidant or supplement—by using fats like coconut—cream—ghee—butter or even oil—or lecithin—-you can utilize for a start an antioxidant –
Ø Take Rosemary— either the herb or tincture—add it to a ghee– either in a baine marie ( double broiler ) put in a glass container and heat in either in pot of simmering water or frying pan heat til you see the rosemary fuse in the oil once this happens then either cool down the heat or just shut off til the ghee cools down—strain and you have made an lipsomal rosemary antioxidant mix —you can do this with cayenne—tumeric—garlic—or even with supplements such as Cq10—alpha lipoic acid—green tea—
Ø Another way is to put cream into a blender and the utilize Vitamin C and Elderberry—and then blend til the cream whips up thick– again you have made another lipsome antioxidant mix—now if you continue you can make it into a butter and have the components fused in and will have the antioxidants in the fats—you can add tumeric—red pepper—rosemary—sage—thyme –oregano—you can add Vitamin E—Cq10—Alpha Lipoic—Cinnamon—Clove—Paprika—Carrot Powder—Beta Carotene—Vitamin A—these are some suggestion
Ø Another way is to fuse oil with herbs or spices or even supplement in a glass container and let sit in a window sill and let the sun hit this for 2 weeks—blend and strain through a handkerchief it will take time —if you can filter it out in another way to reduce the sediment the oil then do so
Ø Another way is to preheat the oil before you cook and then add any herb you like and when it turns the colour of the herb you know it is fused in ( bay leaf—thyme-) and then add your food you are going to prepare this will increase the levels of
Take these anyway you like —tsp amounts—add to foods —use in salad oils—mix in nut butters—or seed milks—